The **KFS-G1-R** is a specific model of a **flow switch** (often categorized under flow sensors or monitors), commonly manufactured by companies like **Kobold**. These devices are used to monitor the flow of liquids or gases in industrial piping systems. --- ## 1. Electronic and Technical Specifications The "electronic parts" of this unit refer to its sensing mechanism, output signals, and power requirements. Below are the typical technical parameters: | Component / Feature | Specification Details | | :--- | :--- | | **Sensing Principle** | Calorimetric (Thermal Dispersion) | | **Supply Voltage** | Usually 24 VDC ± 20% | | **Output Type** | PNP or NPN Transistor (Open Collector) | | **Switching Function** | Normally Open (NO) or Normally Closed (NC) | | **Current Consumption** | Approx. 100 mA | | **Connection Type** | M12x1 plug or fixed cable | | **LED Indicators** | Multicolored LED chain for flow status and setpoint | --- ## 2. Internal Working Mechanism (Calorimetric) The KFS-G1-R does not use moving parts like paddles or turbines. Instead, it relies on **thermal electronics**: 1. **Dual Sensors:** It contains two thermistors integrated into the tip of the probe. One is heated, and the other measures the ambient temperature of the medium. 2. **Heat Dissipation:** As the fluid flows past the probe, it carries heat away from the heated sensor. 3. **Differential Measurement:** The electronics measure the temperature difference between the two sensors. Higher flow rates result in a smaller temperature difference. 4. **Signal Processing:** The internal circuit converts this difference into a switching signal based on a user-defined threshold (potentiometer adjustment). --- ## 3. Key Electronic Features ### A. Integrated Potentiometer The unit typically features a small screw-potentiometer on the housing. This allows the user to manually set the "Switch Point"—the exact flow velocity at which the electronic output changes state. ### B. Transistor Output Unlike a mechanical relay, the KFS-G1-R uses a **solid-state transistor (PNP/NPN)**. - **Benefit:** No mechanical wear, faster switching speeds, and direct compatibility with PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers). ### C. Protection Circuitry The internal electronics are usually encapsulated in resin to protect against: * **Vibration:** Industrial machinery movement. * **Reverse Polarity:** Protects the unit if the +/- wires are swapped during installation. * **Short Circuits:** Prevents damage if the output load is too high. --- ## 4. Application Context Because the electronics are non-mechanical, the KFS-G1-R is preferred for: * **Cooling Circuits:** Monitoring water flow in welding or induction machines. * **Pump Protection:** Detecting "Dry Run" conditions to prevent motor burnout. * **Lubrication Monitoring:** Ensuring oil is flowing to critical bearings.