SC2453_05 datasheet(11/22 Pages) SEMTECH

11 / 22 page

 2005 Semtech Corp.

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SC2453

POWER MANAGEMENT

Applications Information (Cont.)

There will not be enough modulation headroom if the on

time is simply made equal to the minimum on time of the

SC2453. For ease of control, we recommend the required

pulse width to be at least 1.5 times the minimum on

time.

IIIIInductor (L) and Ripple Current

nductor (L) and Ripple Current

Both step-down controllers in the SC2453 operate in

synchronous continuous-conduction mode (CCM)

regardless of the output load. The output inductor

selection/design is based on the output DC and transient

requirements. Both output current and voltage ripples

are reduced with larger inductors but it takes longer to

change the inductor current during load transients.

Conversely smaller inductors results in lower DC copper

losses but the AC core losses (flux swing) and the winding

AC resistance losses are higher. A compromise is to

choose the inductance such that peak-to-peak inductor

ripple-current is 20% to 30% of the rated output load

current.

Assuming that the inductor current ripple (peak-to-peak)

value is

δ*I

o, the inductance value will then be:

)

(

−

The peak current in the inductor becomes (1+

δ/2)*Io

and the RMS current is:

rms

The followings are to be considered when choosing

inductors.

a) Inductor core material: For high efficiency applications

above 350KHz, ferrite, Kool-Mu and polypermalloy

materials should be used. Low-cost powdered iron cores

can be used for cost sensitive-applications below 350KHz

but with attendant higher core losses.

b) Select inductance value: Sometimes the calculated

inductance value is not available off-the-shelf. The

designer can choose the adjacent (larger) standard

inductance value. The inductance varies with

temperature and DC current. It is a good engineering

practice to re-evaluate the resultant current ripple at

the rated DC output current.

c) Current rating: The saturation current of the inductor

should be at least 1.5 times of the peak inductor current

under all conditions.

Output Capacitor (C

ooooo) and V

) and V

out

out Ripple

Ripple

The output capacitor provides output current filtering in

steady state and serves as a reservoir during load

transient. The output capacitor can be modeled as an

ideal capacitor in series with its parasitic ESR (R

esr) and

ESL (L

esl) (Figure 1).

Lesl

Resr

Figure 1. An equivalent circuit of C

If the current through the branch is i

b(t), the voltage

across the terminals will then be:

)

(

)

(

)

(

)

(

esr

esl

∫

This basic equation illustrates the effect of ESR, ESL

and C

o on the output voltage.

The first term is the DC voltage across C

o at time t=0.

The second term is the voltage variation caused by the

charge balance between the load and the converter

output. The third term is voltage ripple due to ESL and

the fourth term is the voltage ripple due to ESR. The

total output voltage ripple is then a vector sum of the

last three terms.

Since the inductor current is a triangular waveform with

peak-to-peak value

δ*I

o, the ripple-voltage caused by

inductor current ripples is:

≈

∆

the ripple-voltage due to ESL is:

esl

ESL

∆

and the ESR ripple-voltage is:

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